英语国家概况课后习题附答案

英语国家概况课后习题（附答案）

Chapter1

Ⅰ.Readthe following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or

false(F).

—F—1.Peoplein different parts of Britain like to use the name England

torefer to their country.

—T—2.TheSevern River is the longest river of Britain ,which originates

inWales and flows through western England.

—F—3.Todaymore than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient

Welshlanguage.

—F—4.Interms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the second

largestpart of Britain.

—F—5.Althoughthe climate in Britain is generally mild ,the temperature

innorthern Scotland often falls bellow-10℃ in January.

—T—6.Themajority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo-

-Saxons.

—T—7.TheCeltic people were the earliest known inhabitants of Britain.

—F—8.Englishevolved into ModernEnglish from

Ⅱ.Choosethe best answer to complete each of the following statements.

1. The two main islands of the British Isles are—A—the late 16thcentury.

2. —B—is the capital city of Scotland.

A.Belfast B.Edinburgh

C.London D.Cardiff

3. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, —D—isthe smallest.

A.England B.Scotland

C.Wales D.Northern Ireland

4.English belongs to the —C—groupof the Indo-European family of

languages.

A.Celtic B.Norman

C.Germantic D.Roman

5. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first

elementof —D—wordsto English.

A.Danishand Finnish B.Dutch and German

C.Frenchand Italian D.Latin and Greek

6. The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by

7. Samuel Johnson’sdictionary was influential in establishing a standardform of—C—.

8. At present,nearly —C—ofthe world’spopulations communicate in English.

A.half B.a quarter
C.one third D.one fifthⅢ.Give briefanswers to the following questions.

1.Why do tourist from all over the world like go to Scotland? 2. Howmany periods can the development of the English language be dividedintoand what are they?

3.Why did English become more important after the Black Death?Ⅳ.Stateyour understanding of the following questions.

1.Who are the British people?

2.What is Standard English?

Chapter2

Ⅰ.Readthe following statements and decide whether they are true(T) or false(F).

—T—1.Birtishhistory before 55 BC is basically undocumented.

—T—2.The Anglo Saxon came to Britain in the 5th century.—F—3.Thechief or king of the Anglo Saxon tribes exercised power at their ownwill.

—F—6.The Magana Carta was designed to protect the rights of boththe privileged class and townspeople.

—F—7.TheHundred Years’Warwas a series of wars fought between the Britishand the Vikings for trade and territory.

—T—8.Inan effort to make a compromise between different religiousfactions,Queen Elizabeth Ⅰactually defended the fruit theReformation.

Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.

1. The—D—attackon Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.

A.Norman B. Danish
C.Celtic D.Germanic
2. By the late 7thcentury, —D—becamethe dominant religion in England.

A. Celtic Christianity B. Anglo Saxons Christianity C.GermanicChristianity D. Roman Christianity

3. The—C—marked the establishment of feudualism in England.

S. .. . ...

A.Vikinginvasions B. signing of the Magna Carta

C.NormanConquest D.adoption of common law

4. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of—C—

A.theHouse of Valois B. the House of York

C.the House of Tudor D. the House of Lancaster

5. The direct cause ofor the Reformation was King Henry Ⅷ’seffort

to—A—.

A.divorcehis wife B.break with Rome

C.supportthe Protestant D.declare his supreme power over the

church

6. The English Civil War broke out in12 between —B—

A.theProtestant and the Puritans B.the Royalist and the

Parliamentarian

C.thenobles and the peasants D.the aristocrats and the

Christians

7. —A—waspassed after the Glorious Revolution.

A.TheBill of Rights B.The Act of Supremacy

C.TheProvisions of Oxford D.The Magna Carta

8. The Industrail Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the

middleof the —C—century.

A.17th B.18th

C.19th D.20th

WorldWar Ⅱ?

Ⅳ.Stateyour understanding of the following questions.

1.Whatwere the results of the Industrail revolution in Britain?

2.Explainthe rise and fall of the British Empire.

Chapter3

Ⅰ.Readthe following statements and decide whether they are true(T) or

false(F).

—T—1.Conventionsare regarded less important than the statutory law

inthe working of the England government.

—F—2.TheBritish monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the

history.

—F—3.Inreality,the British King or Queen is the house of all government

—F—4.The
powers.

British Parliament is the law making body of the Commonwealth

of Nations.

S. .. . ...

—F—5.Themembers of the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.

—T—6.TheBritish Prime Minister is the leader of the minority party inParliament.

—F—7.Cabinetmembers are chosen by the Prime Minister from various politicalparties in Parliament.

—T—8.Thelegal systems in England ,Wales,Scotland and Northern Ireland aremuch similar in terms of law,orgalizations and practice.

Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.

1.The British government is characterized by a division of powers betweenthree of the following branchs EXCEPT the—C—.

A.judiciary B.legislature C.monarchy D.executive 2. The importance ofthe British monarchy can be seen in its effect on—D—.

A.passing bills B.advising the gowernments
C.political parties D.public attitude 3. As arevising chamber ,the House of Lords is expected to—B—the Houseof Commons.

A.rival B.complement C.criticize D.inspect
4. —A—is at the center of the British political system. A.TheCabinet B.The House of Lords C.The House ofCommons D.The Privy Council
—B—system.

A.single party B.two party C.three party D.multi party 7. Thepolitices of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatismand—D—.

A.government intervention B.nationalization of enterprises
C.social reform D.a belief in individualiam 8. In Britain,the parliamentary general election is held every—C—years.

A.three B.four C.five D.sixⅢ.Give briefanswers to the following questions.

1.Whatare the three functions of the House of Commons?

2.What kind of public image does the Liberal Democrats have in Britain?

1.What do British electoral campaigns usually involves during the processof a general election?

2.What is the Commonwealth of Nations?

Chapter4

Ⅰ.Readthe following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false(F).

—T—1.Britainwas the first industrialized nation in the world.—T—2.TheBritish economy experienced a relative decline during the postwarperiod.

—F—3.Limitedresources and high unemployment rate were persistent.—F—4.Thatcher’srevolution turned out to be agreat success in dealing withall the British economic and social problems.

—T—5.Theeconomic approach adopted by Tony Blair was different from thatof the old Labor Party and the Conservetive Party.

—T—6.Blairmade the Bank of England independent in oder to separate politicsfrom economic policy.

—F—7.Britainis an important oil exporter since its oil industry has along history.

1. The —A— in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnanteconomy —T—8.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources inBritain.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the followingstatements.

—C—did Thatcher’s
in Britain.

welfarereform.

A.reducingchild benefits
B.shorteningthe period of unemployment benefits
C.reducingunemployment
D.loweringold age pension
3. The Blair government was successful in the following aspectEXPECT—D—.

A.limitinggovernment spending B.keeping inflation under control
C.reducingunemployment D.reducing inequality
4. Britain has devoted about—C—ofits land area to agriculture.

A.50% B.60% C.70% D.80% 5. Britain’simportant fishing areas include all the following

C.thearea around the Irish coast
D.thesea area between Britain and Ireland
6. Coal mining industry in Britain provides—B—ofthe energy consumed inthe country.

A.one third B.one fourth
C.onefifth D.two thirds
7. The car industry in Britain is mostly —A—.

A.foreignowned B.state owned
C.jointowned D.privately owned
8. Of the following sectors in Britain, —C—hasexperienced spectaculargrowth since the end of the World War Ⅱ.

A.agriculture B.the energy industry
C.theservice sector D.the manufacturing industry

Ⅲ.Givebrief answers to the following questions.

1.What was the negative aspect of Thatcher’s reform in the early 1980s.

2.Whatare the charactoristics of Britain’sagriculture?

3.Whathappened to Britain’sbeef industry in the mid 1990s?

Ⅳ.Stateyour understanding of the following questions.

1.Whatwere the major causes of Britain’srelative economic declineinthe postwar period?

the service industry? 2.Why do developed nations like Britianencourage the development of
Ⅰ.Read the following statementand decide whether they are ture(T) or
false (F).

—F—1.TheBritain government has been responsible for education since theearly 1800s.

—F—2.EducationinBritain is compulsory for all children between the agesof 6 and 15.

—F—3.TheNational Curriculum is compulsory in both the states system andthe independent system.

—T—4.Whenchildren finish their schooling at 16,they are required to takea national GCSE examination.

—T—5.Graduatesfrom state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enterfamous universities than those from independent schools.

—F—6.TheTimes is the world oldest Sunday newspapers.

—F—7.The BBC World Service broadcast only in English throughoutthe world.

—T—8. Some British holidays are celebrated to mark importantevents

S. .. . ...

inthe Christian calendar,and some others are related to local customsand traditions.

Ⅱ.Choosethe best answer to complete each of the following statements.

1.In Britain,the division between grammer schools and vocationalschools was ended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the—D—.

A.1930s B.1940s
C.1950s D.1960s
2. Over—C—ofBritish children receive primary and secondary education through theindependent system.

A.5% B.6%
C.7% D.Partially funded 8%
3. Partially funded by central government grants,most of the Britishuniversities receive the remaining funds from all the followingsources EXCEPT—B—.

A.tuitionfees B.loans
C.donations D.corporate contributions 4. To be admitted to the OpenUniversity, one needs—B—.

A.someeducational qualificatons

C.theGeneral Certificate of Education Advanced level. B.noeducational qualifications

D. the General Certificate of Secondary Education
6. Life OnEarth is a kind of —C—program produced by the BBC is
popularworldwide.

A.radio B.drama
C.documentary D.soap opera
7. —D—isBritain’stop pay television provider.

A.BSB B.SkyTV
C.BBC D.BSkyB
8. The following Christmas traditions are particularly British EXCEPT—A—.

A.Troopingthe Color B.the Queen’sChristmas message C.Boxing Day D.the Christmaspantomime

Ⅲ.Givebrief answers to the following questions.

1.What used to be the major functions of grammer schools andvocational schools in Britain. 2.What kind of subjects do Britishcomprehensive schools provide?

3.In what ways do British universities enjoy complete academic

S. .. . ...

freedom?

4.Whatrole does the media play in Britain leisure culture?

Ⅳ.Stateyour understanding of the following questions.

1.Whatare the general features of Britain’sindependent schools?

2.Whatare the “QualityPress”andthe “tabloids”inBritain?

Chapter6

Ⅰ.Readthe following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false(F).

—F—1.TheCanterbury Tales is representative work of the old English period.

—T—2.TheRenaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latinclassic works.

—T—3.Asa great English peot,Alexander Pope also translated Homer’s Iliad.

—F—4.JhonathanSwift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the Englishlanguage,and Robinson Crusoe is his masterpiece.

—F—5.WilliamWordsworth amd Sumuel Taylor Colerdge brought the

—F—6.LordByron distinguished himself by the musical quality of his RomanticMovement to its height.

short poems,such as “Ode to the West Winds”.
—F—7.Jane

Ⅱ.Choosethe best answer to complete each of the following statements. 1.The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is—B—.

A.poetry B.drama
C.novel D.pamphlet
2. —C—isviewed as Romantic poetry’s“Declarationof independence”.

A.“IWonder Lonely as a Cloud” B.Don Juan
C.Thepreface to Lyrical Ballads D.Prometheus Unbound 3.OfDicken’snovels, —B—isconsidered most autobiographical.

A.ATale of Two Cities B.Davied Copperfied
C.OliverTwist D.Great Expectations
4. —D—isa representative of English Critical Realism in the turn ofthe 19thcentury.

A.RobertLouis Setevenson B.John Milton

C.AdamBede D.The Return of the Native

6.—A—isnot included in the modernist group.

A.OscarWilde B.Virginia Woolf

C.WilliamBulter Yeats D.T.S.Eliot

7.Of the following writers, —B—is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.

A.SamuelBeckett B.James Joyce

C.WilliamGolding D.V.S.Naipual

8.Waiting for Godot is written by—A—.

A.SamuelBeckett B.Geroge Orwell

C.William Golding D.D.H.Lawrance

Ⅲ.Givebrief answers to the following questions.

1.Whatare the three catergries of Shakespeare’splays and their

representatives?

2.Whatis Critical Realism?

3.Whatare the two new literary trends prevailing at the end of 19th

century?

4.Whatis the stream of consciousness?

Ⅳ.Stateyour understanding of the following questions.

1.Whatis Romanticism?

century? 2.What are the characteristics of English literauture in the20th

false(F).

—F—1.TheRepublic of Ireland occupies the entire area of the island

ofIreland.

—F—2.Theearliest inhabitants in Ireland were Celtic tribes from

Europe.

—F—3.Inthe 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity because it became a

partof Britain.

—T—4.Inthe 1930s, Ireland was not indeed a republic, but belonged to

theBritish Commonwealth of Nations.

—F—5.Ireland’seconomy wasn’taffected by World War Ⅱ because it

remainedneutral during the war.

—F—6.In1949, Britain recognized the independence of the Irish Republic

andreturned the six northern counties.

—F—7.Englishis the only official language in Ireland because the

—T—8.Catholicism
majorityof people speak it as their mother tongue.

in Ireland is more than a mere matter of private faith,

but of public identity.

S. .. . ...

Ⅱ.Choosethe best answer to complete each of the following statements. 1.--B-- established a unified Irish culture and language in the 6thcenturyBC.

A.Hunter-gatherers from Britain B. Celtic tribes C.British invaders D. The Vikings
2. Divergent views about --C--resulted in the Irish Civil War.

A.the Act of Union
B.the Unilateral Declaration of Independence
C.the Anglo-Irish Treaty
D.the Anglo-Irish Agreement
3. --C---was the first Irish President to visit Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ.

A.Eamon de Valera B. John A. Costello C.Mary Robinson D. Albert Reynolds
4. ---D--brought Anglo-Irish relations to a new height.

A.The British recognition of the Irish Republic B.The signing of the Downing Street Declaration
C. The signing of the Belfast Agreement
D.The IRA’sformal declaration of the disarmament in 2005 5. In Ireland, the headof state is--B---
A.the Prime Minister B. the President

6.---C---has been the dominant party in Ireland since 1930s and C.the British monarch D. the General Governor

supports peaceful reunification of the island of Ireland.
C. Great Potato Famine D. early 18th century
8.Ireland now has a --B-- economy.

A.agriculture-based B. knowledge-based
C.industry-based D. foreign investment-based

Ⅲ.Givebrief answers to the following questions.

1.Why was Cork given the nickname “theRebel County”?

2.Who were the first groups of people that came to Ireland?

3.Why did Ireland remain neutral in World War Ⅱ？

Ⅳ.Stateyour understanding of the following questions.

1.What is the significance of the following documents: the Act ofUnion, the Anglo-Irish Treaty, the Anglo-Irish Agreement and theBelfast Agreement?

2.What are the goals of the main political parties in Ireland?

Chapter8

Ⅰ.Readthe following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or

false(F).

—F—1.Theeastern highlands formed by the Appalachian Range hold

one-thirdof the country’scontinental territory.

—T—2.Theclimate in the United States can be classified as temperate,

withsome mild subtropical and tropical zones.

—T—3.A50-centimeter rainfall line runs through the middle of the

UnitedStates.

—T—4.NewYork is composed of five boroughs, including Manhattan,

Brooklyn,the Bronx, Staten Island and Queens.

—F—5.SanFrancisco is the second largest city after New York and the

world-famousHollywood is located here.

—T—6.Duringthe 1830s and the 1840s, many Northern Europeans and Irish

immigrantscame to America.

—T—7.Almosthalf of the immigrants coming to the United States in the

1980swere Asians.

—T—8.BasicAmerican cultural values are freedom, equality and desire

towork hard for a higher standard of living.

Ⅱ.Choosethe best answer to complete each of the following statements.

Mexico
1.The U.S. lies in --B--North America, with Canada to the north,

to the south, the Atlantic to its ----and the Pacific to its -----.

C.48 D. 35

3.The state of --A--- is the largest in area of all the U.S. states.

A.Alaska B. Hawaii

C.Texas D. Florida

4.The longest river in the U.S. is ---B---

A.the Missouri River B. the Mississippi River

C.the Ohio River D. the Lake Itasca

5. Some of the world-famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT

arelocated in--C--.

A.the South B. the West

C.New England D. the Midwest

6.San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego all belong to --D--

A.Montana B. Utah

C.Maine D. California

7.The Immigration Act of 1924 restricted further immigration into

the United States, particularly from--A----.

C.Africa D. South America

8. The characteristics of the dominant American culture are--D-

A.English-speaking, Northern European, Roman Catholic and

middle-class

B.English-speaking, Western European, Roman Catholic and

upper-class

C.

English-speaking,

Northern

European,

Protestant

and

upper-class

D.

English-speaking,

Western

European,

Protestant

and

middle-class

Ⅲ.Givebrief answers to the following questions.

1.How is the American population distributed?

2.Why was the Immigration Act of 1924 instituted?

Ⅳ.Stateyour understanding of the following questions.

1.Why is the United States regarded as a “meltingpot”and a “salad

bowl”?

2.What do you think is the best way to help assimilation in a

multicultural society?

false (F).

—T—1.Americanwas named after Amerigo Vespucci,who arrived on the new

continentafter Columbus.

—F—2.TheSecond Continental Congress was held in Phiadelphia,and the

ContinentalArmy and Navy was established under the command of

ThomasJerfferson.

—T—3.TheAmemrican Civil War not only put an end to slavery,but also

makeAmerican a single,indivisible nation.

—F—4.MostAmerican people approved of the Vietnam War.

—T—5.In1990,Americantroops and the troops from allied nations took

jointmilitary action in order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.

—F—6.Accordingto the American government,Saddam Hussein and Osama bin

Laden

were

responsible

for

the

terrorist

event

on

Septemble11,2001.

—T—7.TheBush administration regarded Iraq a nation among the “axis

—F—8.On March 20,2003,American and United Nations’troops,supposed by of the evil”.

several other countries,began an invasion of Iraq.

S. .. . ...

Ⅱ.Choosethe best answer to complete each of the following statements. 1.The first successful English conoly in North America was foundedat—C—in——.

A.Jamestown,Louisiana B.Boston, Massachusetts C.Jamestown,Virginia D.Plymouth,Gergia
2. The Seven Years’Waroccurred between—C—.

A.theFrench and the American Indians
B.theFrench and the Spanish
C.theFrench and the British
D.the British and the American Indians
3. “Notaxation without representation”wasthe rallying slogan of—D—.

A.thesettlers of Virginia B.the people of Pennsylvania C.thecolonists in New England D.the people of the 13 colonies 4. In May1775, —B—washeld in Phiadelphia and began to assume the functionsof a provisional government.

A.theFirst Continental Congress B.the Second Continental Congress
C.the Boston Tea Party D.the Congress of Confederation 5.Abraham Lincoln issued the —C—togrant freedom to all slaves.

6. The policy of the United States was —A—at the beginning ofthe A.Declaration of Independence B.Constitution C.Emancipation Proclamation D.Bill of Rights
—C—
ofthe Great Depression.

A.Wilson B.Truman
C.Roosevelt D.Kennedy
8. The Vietanam War was a long time suffering for Americans,and its continuedthroughout the terms of president—D—.

A.Johnson,Nixonand Ford B.Truman,Eisenhower and Kennedy C.Kennedy,Johnsonand Nixon D.Eisenhower,kennedy and JohnsonⅢ.Give brief answers tothe following questions.

1.Whydid American change its policy and enter World War Ⅱ?

2.Whatwere Nixon’swell known contributions during his presidency? 3.What were themeasures of Reagan’seconomic program?

Ⅳ.Stateyour understanding of the following questions.

1.Whatwas the course of the American Civil War?

2.What made the United States a powerful country by the end of WorldWar Ⅱ?

Chapter10

Ⅰ.Readthe following statement and decide whether they are true(T) or false(F).

—F—1.TheBill of Right was written into the Constitution in 1787.—T—2.Theform of the American government is based on three main principles:federalism, the separation of powers and respect for the Constitutionand rule of law.

—F—3.TheUS Congress consists of two houses: the House of Commons and theHouse of Lords.

—T—4.Thejudicial branch of the US federal government consists of a series ofcourts: the supreme court, the courts of appeals and the districtcourts.

—F—5.TheDemocratic Party is conservative in terms of its ideology.

“winner-takes-all”practice.

—F—7.TheAmerican foreign policy throughout World War 2 was neutrality.

—T—8.TheAmerican foreign policy during the Cold War period was containmentand intervention.

Ⅱ.Choosethe best answer to complete each of the following statements.

C. 1791 D.17931.The US.Constitution came into effect in–B-- A. 1787 B. 17
D. gives the most powerto the Supreme Court
3.The Bill of Right –B--
A.defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the President
B. guarantees citizens of the US specific individual rights and
freedom
C. is part of the Declaration ofIndependence D. has no
relationship with theConstitution.

4.Theterms for a Senator and Representative are __D_ and ___ years reapectively.

A. 2;4 B.2;3
C. 2;6 D.6;2
5. All the following can make legislative proposals EXCEPT –C-- A. the senator B. the Representative
C. thesecretary of state D. the president
6.The followingare all powers of the President EXCEPT C A. vetoing any billspassed by Congress B. appointing

C.making laws D.issuing executive orders

7. The Supreme Court is composed of __D_ justices

A.6 B. 7

C.8 D.9

8.The president is directly voted into office by _C__

A.all citizens of America B. the citizens over 18 years

old

C.electors elected by the voters D. the senators and the

representatives

Ⅲ.Givebrief answers to the following questions.

1.whatare the two characteristics of the us constitution?

2.whatare the qualifications for a senator and a representative

respectively?

3.whatare the major powers of the Supreme Court?

4.whatare the differences between the Democrats and the Republicans

interms of political ideology.

Ⅳ.Stateyour understanding of the following questions.

1.Howis the American President voted into office? What are your ideas

aboutthe American election?

consequences? 2.what was President Eisenhower’s foreign policy andwhat were the

false (F).

—T—1.Americais the world’slargest industrial nation.

—T—2.Inthe US Constitution ,the recognition of the importance of

‘intellectualproperty’could be identified.

—F—3.Althoughslavery was abolished as a result of the Civil War, the

ownersof plantations in the South made more profits from selling

theiragricultural products.

—F—4.President Roosevelt’sNew Deal had little effect in dealing with

theeconomic crisis in the early 1930s

—F—5.The 1960s was a period of consolidation for the American business.

—T—6.American agriculture exports outweigh imports, leaving a surplus

inthe agricultural balance of trade.

—T—7.Auto production is one of the important sectors in American

manufacturingindustry.

—F—8.The growth and decline of the American foreign trade has little

Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the followingstatements. to do with the world economy.

1.America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the

S. .. . ...

followingfields EXCEPT __C_
A.machinery B. automobiles
C.ore D. chemicals
2. The modern American economy progressed from___ to____, and then to__C__
A.a colonial economy, a handcraft economy, an industrial economy B.a farming economy, a handcraft economy, an industrial economy C.a colonial economy, a farming economy, an industrial economy D.a handcraft economy, a farming economy, an industrial economy 3.Chartered companies were NOT granted the _D__ by the British King orQueen.

A.political authority B. economic rights
C.judicial authority D. diplomatic authority 4. __D__ urgedthe federal government to establish a national bank.

A. George Washington B. President Roosevelt
C.Abraham Lincoln D. Alexander Hamilton
5. Thefollowing inventions took place during the ‘second industrial
revolution’ EXCEPT_C__
A. typewriter B. telephone
C. electric light D. refrigerator
6. President Johnson tried to build a ‘Great Society’ byintroducing various programs like the followingEXCEPT___D__
A. Medicare B. Food Stamps pattern between agricultural imports and exports.

C. Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinationalfirms. D. Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businessesand structures.

8.Employment in the__A_ sector has been increasing in the US since the1970s.

A.service B. agriculture
C.manufacturing D. high-techⅢ.Give brief answers to thefollowing questions.

1.Whatindustrial developments took place during the colonial period inAmerica?

2.How did the Civil War effect the American economy?

3.Why does America try to reduce trade barriers?

Ⅳ.Stateyour understanding of the following questions.

economic development? 1. How did the US Constitution lay thegroundwork for America’s

2. Cite examples to illustrate the role of government intervention

S. .. . ...

inAmerica’seconomic development.

Chapter12

Ⅰ.Readthe following statement and decide whether they are true(T) or

false(F).

—T—1.Education is governed by state and local governments instead of

thenational government in America.

—T—2.All American children are offered 12 years of compulsory public

education.

—F—3.After 12 years o schooling, American students receive a bachelor’s

degreeupon graduation.

—T—4.When selecting a college or university, students have a great

concernfor its size, location and academic quality.

—T—5.Usually,anundergraduate student has to earn at least 120 credits

toreceive a degree.

—F—6.Outstanding graduates of Yale university include President

Wilsonand more than 80 senators.

—F—7.Itis The New York Times theWatergate Scandal

—F—8.Thanksgiving Day falls on the fourth Tuesday in November.

Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the followingstatements. in 1972.

education.

2.Of the following subjects,___B__ are NOT offered to elementary

schoolstudents.

A.mathematics and language arts B. politics and

businesseducation

C.science and social studies D. music and physical

education

3.Higher education in the US began with the founding of __B___

A.Yale University B. Harvard College

C.Princeton University D. music and physical education

4.Of the following,__B__ are NOT among the categories of American

highereducation.

A.universities and colleges B. research institutions

C.technical institutions D. community colleges

5. To get a bachelor’sdegree, all undergraduate students are

A. attending lectures and completing assignments B.required to do the following EXCEPT__C__

passing examinations

S. .. . ...

C.working for communities D. earning a certain number ofcredits
6. __B___is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and hasa reputation for its serious attitude and great bulk.

A. The Washington Post B. The New York Times
C.The Los Angeles Times D. New York Daily News
7. Of the following,__B__ is not among the three major radio and TV networksin America.

A.the National Broadcasting System (NBS) B. the Public BroadcastingService (PBS)
C.the Columbia Broadcasting system (CBS) D. the AmericanBroadcasting System(ABS)
8. The National Day of the US falls on ___B__ each year.

A.June 4th B. July 4th
C.June 14th D. July 14th

Ⅲ.Givebrief answers to the following questions.

1.How does an American university choose its applicants?

2.What functions do American higher education institutions perform? 3.What similarities do the four famous universities share?

Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions. 1. What arethe ideals that guide the American educational system? 4. What arethe origins if Thanksgiving Day?
Chapter 13

Ⅰ.Readthe following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false(F).

—T—1.WaltWhitman introduced great innovations to American literature ,anddevised a poetic style , free verse .

—F—2.EmilyDickinson’spoems are usually long , exploring the inner life ofthe individual .

—F—3.StephenCrane is famous for his writings about the meeting of Americaand Europe .

—T—4.EzraPound leads the School of Imagism , which advocates a clear ,highly visual presentation .

—T—5.JackKerouac’sOn the Road is a representative work of the Beat Writers.

—T—6.Alice Walker was passionate about the civil rights movementsand the women’s movement of 1960s , and The Color Purple is hermasterpiece .

—F—7.America’s most renowned playwright is Tennessee and his

S. .. . ...

playsare highly experimental in form and style .

—T—8.ArthurMiller is concerned with the conflicts of the individual withinsociety , and Death of a Salesman is his masterpiece .

Ⅱ.Choosethe best answer to complete each of the following statements.

1.Ofthe following writer, ----C----are from the Colonial andRevolutionary Periods .

A. Benjamin Franklin and Edgar Allan Poe
B. Edgar AllanPoe and Jonathan Edwards
C.Benjamin Franklin and JonathanEdwards
D.Edgar Allan Poe and Washington Irving
2. ---D-- is regarded as the “father of American literature” A.James Fenimore Cooper
B. Ralph Waldo Emerson
C.Thomas Jefferson
D.Washington Irving
3. Of thefollowing , --C-- is considered Herman Melville’s masterpiece A. The Last of the Mohicans
B. The Legend of SleepyHollow
C. Mody Dick
D. Daisy Miller
C. arealistic view D. an idealistic view Of the following,--D---is of Mark Twain’s works 4. A. colloquial speech B. a sense of humor

6. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s finest novel is --A-- ,and its theme isabout
---
A. The Great Gatsby , the American Dream
B. Tender Is the Night , love
C. Talesof the Jazz Age , the loss of oneself
D. The Beautiful andDamned , the evil of human nature
7. Of the following writer,---A-- is NOT a Nobel Prize winner
A. Alice Walker B. Ernest Hemingway
C. William Faulkner D.Eugene O’Neill
8. --B---is the first African – Americanwinner of the Noble Prize
for Literature
A. RalphEllison B. Ernest Hemingway
C. William Faulkner D.James Baldwin
Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.

Ⅳ.Stateyour understanding of the following questions.

1.What are the characteristic of the American writing during the RomanticPeriod ?

2.Why is Eugene O’Neillregarded as the greatest American playwright ?

Chapter14

Ⅰ.Readthe following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false(F).

—T—1.Canada is the second largest country in the world in terms of territory.

—T—2.The lakes in Canada cover about 7.6% of the Canadian landmass —F—3.Canada has a typical oceanic climate influenced by both the AtlanticOcean and the Pacific Ocean
—F—4.The Seven Year’War led to the British control of most of the territoriesin Canada
—T—5.Canada was split into Upper Canada and Lower Canada in 1791—F—6.During World War 2 ,neutral policy protected Canada from the

—T—7. Chretien’s Liberal government succeeded in lowering the wartime destruction
1. Canada’s fur trade , laterfur monopoly , gradually began to take
shape in the---B--century
A. 15th B. 16th
C.17th D.18th
2. The Liberal government led byMackenzie King did the following to
lay the foundations of theCanadian welfare state EXCEPT--D--
A. increasing the oldage pensions
B. promoting federal-provincial welfareprograms
C. expending unemployment benefits
D.introducing health insurance
3. ---B--won the Nobel Prize forPeace in1957 for organizing a
peacekeeping force to defuse theSuez Crisis
A. Pierre Trudeau B. Lester Pearson
C. Jean Chretien D. Brian Mulroney
4.In the --C--, Canada was obsessed with economic recession A.1950s B. 1960s

5. Pierre Trudeau retired from his post as head of the government andparty leader partly because --C--
A.he opposed the American war in Vietnam
B.he agreed Quebec to be an independent French-speaking nation C.he had not been able to reverse the declining economic trend D.he weakened government intervention in the national economy 6. --A--- recognized Quebec as a “distinctsociety”
A. The Meech Lake Accord B. The Quebec Act
C.The Constitutional Act D. The British North America Act
7. --D---was Canada’sfirst woman Prime Minister
A.Pierre Trudeau B. Brian Mulroney
C.Jean Chretien D. Kim Campbell
8. Martin’sLiberal government tried to do the following EXCEPT-B-- A.legalizing same-sex marriage in Canada
B.giving the Quebec city sovereignty
C.improving Canadian- US relations
D.forging a closer relationship with China
Ⅲ.Givebrief answers to the following questions.

1. What was the original purpose of John Cabot and Jacques Cartier
Jean Chretien government gain popularity among theCanadian when they came to Canada ? 2. Why did the Meech Lake Accordfail in 1990 ? 3. How did

Chapter15

Ⅰ.Readthe following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false(F).

—F—1. Canada’s political structure has nothing to do with thatof Britain and US
—F—2. The Canadian government isresponsible to the King or Queen of Britain
—T—3. TheCanadian court system is divided into four levels
—F—4. AllCanadian citizens aged over 18 have the right to vote —T—5.Multilingualism and multiculturalism are characteristic of the Canadian culture
—F—6. In Canada , different provinces andterritories share the same educational system

—F—7. In Canada , children have to pass a university entranceexam in

S. .. . ...

orderto enter the university

—F—8.Laval University is the largest higher education institution in

Canada,while the University of Toronto is the oldest one

Ⅱ.Choosethe best answer to complete each of the following statements.

1.On average, members of the House of Commons are elected for a maximum

of--C---years

A.3 B. 4

C.5 D.6

2. -B---holds the highest position in the Canadian parliamentary

system

A.The Britain Crown B. The Governor General

C.The President D. The Prime Minister

3.In each province, ---A-represents the British Crown

A.a Lieutenant Governor B. a Governor General

C.a Prime D. a Governor

4.---C--of Canada serve(s) as the final court of appeals in Canada

A.The provincial courts B. The Federal Court

C.The Supreme Court D. The Federal Court of Appeal

5. In Canada , the largest religious denominations is --B--

A.the Protestant church B. RomanCatholic church

6. If
C.the Puritan church D. the Anglican church

, they need to do the following EXCEPT--A--applicants meet theimmigration to Canada

C.timber D. wheat

8. Canada’smajor trading partners include the following EXCEPT--C-

A.Britain B. America

C.Mexico D. China

Ⅲ.Givebrief answers to the following questions.

1.What are the Governor General’sresponsibilities ?

2.What are the characteristics of population distribution in Canada

?

3.What does “culturalmosaic ”mean in Canada ?

Ⅳ.Stateyour understanding of the following questions.

1.What are multilingualism and multiculturalism in Canada ?

2.What is the immigration policy in Canada ?

false(F).

—T—1.Interms of landmass, Australia is the sixth largest country in theworld.

—F—2.Thename “Sydney”means “meetingplace”in the Aboriginal language.

—F—3.Thefirst documented European expedition to Australia was made byAbel Tasman.